Diffusion apparatus.



PATENTBD MAY '19, 190s;

- E. SCHOPIBLD; DIFFUSION APPARATUS. 1 APPLICATION PiLED MAR. 10, 1902.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

N0 MODEL.

Tn: Non'ms PETERS co.. PHOTD-UTHQ wAsnmcTmL 0 Ii No. 728,308. v V PATENTED MAY 19, 1903.-

YE.H'. SGHOFIELD.

I DIFFUSION APPARATUS APPLVIOATION FILED MAB. 10, 1902.

H0 MODEL.

Patented May 19, 1903.

UNITED STATESJPAT T Fries.

EUGENE H. SOHOFIELD, TOLEDO, OHIO.

DlFFUSlON APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 728,308,dated May 19, 1903.

Application filed March 10, 1902. Serial 110. 97,556. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EUGENE H. SCHOFIELD, a citizen of the United States, residing at T0- ledo, in the county of Lucas and State of Ohio,

have invented certain new and useful Im- -sition and preferably of cylindrical form,

provements in Difiusing Apparatus, 'of which thefollowing is a full, clear-, and exact specification. V

My invention relates to means for extracting soluble ingredients from granulated sub-.

stances or substances in a state of fine subdi- -vision, and more particularly to means for producing extract of coffee and extracts from.

other aromatic substances; and my invention has for its primary object to provide improved and efficient means for causing the substance from which the extract is to be obtained to pass through the liquid in a direction toward the liquid-inlet and away from the liquidoutlet, whereby the grounds or refuse matter will have no opportunity to again absorb any.

A still further object of the invention is to,

prevent the evaporation of the extract and the loss of its aromatic principle where the solid material is introduced into the liquid,"

With these ends in viewmy invention consists in certain features of noveltyin the con struction, combination, and arrangement of parts by which the said objects and certain other objects, hereinafter appearing, ELI'Q'H'F- tained, all as fully described with reference.

to the accompanyingdrawings, andmore par ticularly pointed out in the claims.

In the said drawings,'Figure l is a side e1e-' vationofmy improved machine. Fig. 2 is a detail-vertical longitudinal sectional view of a portion thereof. Fig; 3 is an enlarged dctail' View, partly in'se'ction, showing one of the cartridges and the mechanism for advancin g' thecartridg'es 'throu gh the extract-charm ber.""Fig'. 3 is'an enlarged detail sectional view of the sleeve and screw, hereinafter described; and Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse sectional view taken on the lineline 4 4, Fig. 1, on a larger scale. 7

1 is a chamber, arranged in a horizontal powhich constitutes the receptacle for the liquid and the solid or comminuted material from' which the soluble properties are to be'extracted. This chamber 1 is heated in any suitable way, but preferably by means of steam heat or hot water, and to this end it is surrounded by a heating jacket or drum 2, to

one end of which is connected 2. supply-pipe 3, which leads through-any suitable source of heat, such as hot water or steam, while the other end is connected" to an outlet-pipe 4,

Iwhereby thorough circulation through the drum'or jacket 2 may be produced. One end of this chamber 1, as shown in Fig. 1, protrudes from the drum or-jacket 2and is provided on its upper side with a boxror hopper likereceptacle 5, which opens into. the cylindrical chamber 1, as better shown'in Fig. 3,

and which constitutes the inlet for the colfee or other solid material from which the'ex-v tract is to be obtained. The'coffee is introduced into the chamber 1 in suitable car-- sistsof a cylindrical'body portion 6, two heads 78, one of which is removable and both of which'are provided with perviousdiaphragms .9 10.- ;These diaphragms 9 10 may be composed of wire-gauze or any suitable fabric and are for the purpose of holding the codes in the cartridge while permitting the water or liquid to seep through. introduced sidew'ise in the hopper or box 5 in the manner indicated in Fig. 1 at the upper part of the figure and are allowed to sink through the box 5 and settle at the bottom of the protruding end of chamber lin the position indicated at the lowerpart ot this figure. The chamber 1 is continued-outwardly a slight distance beyond the outer wall "of the hopper or box 5, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3,

-so as to constitute a recess 11 at the end of chamber 1 beyond the outer side of the The cartridges are box or hopper 5, and in this recess is situated a follower 12, which is of skeleton form, so as to permit of the free passage of the liquid through it. This follower is secured rigidly to the end of a shaft 13, which passes through a suitable stuffing-box 14 in the end of chamber 1 and is provided at its outer end with an elongated nut or sleeve 15, supported by a suitable bearing-collar 16, and is engaged internally by a screw 17, mounted in a suitable bearing 18, with capability of being revolved, but held firmly against longitudinal movement. On this screw 17 is secured a pulley 19, whereby the screw may be revolved and the follower 12 thereby caused to reciprocate back and forth in the chamber 1, and hence successively push the cartridges forward in the chamber as they are lowered through the hopper or box 5 to the front side of the follower. In orderthat the cartridges may be revolved in the chamber 1 as they go forward for producing the effect of a stirring action on the body of cofiee, and thereby more readily separating out the soluble properties, as before explained, the follower is provided with means whereby it may clutch the cartridge and the shaft 13 with means whereby it will rotate it reciprocates. A simple way of accomplishing this consists in providing the follower with teeth 20, which engage with lugs 21 on one end of the cartridge, so that as the shaft 13 revolves the cartridge will revolve with it; but the follower will be free to recede from the cartridge when the follower reaches the limit of its forward stroke. In order that the shaft may revolve as it advances, the exterior of the sleeve 15 is provided with a spiral or inclined groove 22, in which engages a pin 23, planted in the inner face of the bearing 16. In order that this rotation of the follower may also revolve all of the cartridges contained in the chamber 1 throughout its entire length, the forward end of each cartridge is provided with a number of teeth 24, which, like the teeth 20, engage the lugs 21 on the rear ends of the cartridges. Motion is imparted to the pulley 19 for both advancing and retracting the follower from a counter-shaft 25, which is provided with pulley 26, connected by belt 27 with pulley 19 or by any other suitable means. This counter-shaft is provided with two frictioncones 28 29, splined thereon and connected to a shiftable collar 30, arranged between them on the shaft in a familiar manner, so that by shifting the collar 30 in one direction the cone 28 may be caused to frictionally engage a driving-cone 31, driven by a belt 32 or other suitable device from any desired source of power, and when shifted in the opposite direction cone 29 may be caused to engage the driven cone 31, thus imparting rotation to shaft 25 alternately in opposite directions,and thereby advancing and retracting the follower. On the other hand, the cones 28 29 are so arranged that when placed in a central position, as shown in Fig. 3, neither will engage the driving-cone 31, and consequently the follower will remain at rest.

Assuming that the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 3 and it should be desired to start the machine for causing the follower to advance from the limit of its retracted movement into the chamber 1, the cone 29 may be thrown into engagement with the cone 31 by means of an operating-lever 33, pivoted at 34 to any suitable support 35 and having one end connected by a link 36 to a vertical lever 37, to the lower end of which the collar 30 is pivoted in the usual way. This lever 37 is pivoted at 38 to a suitable support 39, so that when the hand-lever 33 is depressed, as shown in Fig. 3, the upper end of lever 37 will be thrown toward the left and cone 28 forced against driving-cone 31, and when the lever 33 is raised the reverse motion will be produced and the cone 29 will be forced against driving-cone 31. In order that these cones may be thus shifted automatically as soon as the follower 12 reaches the limit of its inward stroke, the upper end of the lever 37 is provided with a yoke pivot-ed at 40 to the lever 37 and having three arms 41 42 43. The arm 41 is connected by link 44 to the short arm of operating-lever 33, such short arm, together with the link 36, constituting a toggle, so that when the yoke-arm 43 is oscillated toward the right, raising arm 41, the joint of the toggle will be broken and the lever 37 oscillated toward the left in such a manner as to throw cone 28 against cone 31. The arm 42 of the yoke is connected by a link 45 with one member 46 of a toggle, whose other member 47 is pivotally secured to the lever 37, member 46 being pivoted to support 35. Hence when the yoke-arm 42 is raised the joint of toggle 4b 47 will be broken and opposite movement (toward the right) of lever 37 produced. Yoke 41 42 43 is thus oscillated automatically by means of two tappets carried with the sleeve 15. These tappets are constituted by shoulders 48 49, located near opposite ends of the sleeve 15, so that when the sleeve reaches the limit or is about to reach the limit of its inward stroke the tappet 48 will strike yoke-arm 43 and oscillate lever 37 toward the left and shift the clutch or friction cone 28 against cone 31 in the proper direction for reversing the rotary movement of shaft 13, and thereby causing the follower to recede, and by the time the follower is about to reach the limit of its outward movement shoulder 49 strikes arm 43 and oscillates lever 37 in the opposite direction or toward the right, causing it to assume the central position shown in Fig. 3, with both cones 28 29 out of engagement with cone 31, whereupon motion of shaft 13 ceases with the follower in its retracted position in readiness to be again started inward by lifting the lever 33. These tappets 48 49 are formed on a bar whose ends 50 51 are journaled loosely on the shaft 13 and the screw 17, so that the bar will move with the sleeve 15 longitudinally, but need not revolve there-v with. The bar is also provided with a longi- .tudinal slot 52, extending between the shoulders 48 49 and into whichslot the arm 43 projects, whereby the bar is held against rotary motion with the sleeve. v I v The toggle 46 47 is weighted with aweight 53, connected .thereto by being secured to an extension 54 of the link 45.

by the short arm of lever 33 andthe link 36 will remain in a straightline until thetappet 48 strikes arm 43, whereupon the joint of the toggle will be broken, and the weight 53 will throw cone 28 into engagement with driving cone 31 by pulling down onjtoggle 46 47 and forcing theupper end of lever37 to the left, where it will be held by weight 53 and remain until tappet-arm 49 strikes arm 43and breaksthe joint of toggle46 47, thus shifting lever,

37 to the right and throwing'cone 28' out of engagement with cone 31 and leaving the parts in their neutral or inactive position unclutch members 29 31 into action. follower 12 is at the limit of its outward 53 and hold the latter from forcing cone 28.

til the lever 33 is again raised, it being understood that the motion of the tappet 49 is merely sufficient to break the joint of the toggle 46 47 without oscillating the yoke arms 41 42 a sufficient distance to throw the When the movement, the tappet49 is in such a position, as shown in Fig. 3, as to support the weight into engagement with come 31. A

It will be understood that after the chem berl has become filled throughout itslength withthe cartridges a cartridgeiwillbetaken outat oneend each timea cartridge is in- *between them, while keeping theentire s ur-. face of the liquid substantially covered. Thel hopper or box 5 may also be provided with sorted at the other end.

upwardly on the exterior of the drum 2, as

shown at l, sothat the cartridges may easily turn from a horizontal line of movement toa vertical line of movement andfbe lifted out of the upright portion of this elbow-likeforf, mation 1 with any suitable bail 55 or other; device, the contents emptiedfand the car-v tridge refilled for being againpassed through the machine. As the'cartridge is raised it receives a shower offresh water from arose, 56, arranged over the mouth ofthe elbow 1? and suppliedfrom the jacket or drum 2,

through pipe"57, coc k 58 being arranged in pipe 57for controlling the discharge,

In order that the steam and aroma may not 1 escape from' the box or hopper 5as vthe car-, tridges are inserted, a pair of float-s 59, each equal'to approximately half the width of the; box or hopper 5, are arranged. therein, as,

shown in Fig.4, so'as to subsequently cover the entire surface of the liquid and be capa ble of permitting the cartridges to descend any suitable cover60, which may be removed when aicartridge is to be inserted.- I

It will be under-. stood, however, that the toggle constituted substantially as set forth, 4. In a didusing apparatusthe combination of an elongated chamber-for .a liquid or sol- In order that this v vent, a pervious holder for the substanceto may be done,one end of chamber '1 is curved lower substantiall y as set forth:

The extract is drawn off-from the chamber 1 through a pipe 61, located adjacent tothe hopper or. box 5. V

62 is agage for indicating the level of the;

liquid in chamber 1.'

Having thus describedmy invent-ion,- what ,I claim as new therein, and desire to secure- 7 ii '75 1. In adiifusingapparatus thecombination by Letters Patent, is-

of an elongated chamber for a liquidor-solvent, a pervious inclosing receptacle for the and ends constituting a complete inclosure, said chamberhaving an inlet at oneend'and substance to be treated of --substantially.the- .same cross-area as said chamber having sides an outlet at the other end forsaid,recep tacle, and means for pushing said. receptacle 1 through said chamber, substantially as set forth.

2. In adifiusingapparatusthecombination r of an elongated chamber for a-liquidor solvent, a pluralityof. pervious independent,

cartridges for containing the substanceto be treated, each having inclosing sides and ends and constituting a complete inclos ure, 1

said chamber having-an inlet at one end and an outlet at the other end for said cartridges,- and means for pushing said cartridges through saidchamber, substantially asset forth.-

3. In a'diffusing apparatus the combination of an elongated chamber fora .liquid r'solvent, a p'ervious holder for thesubstance to,

beftreated, said chamber having an inlet at TIOO one end and an outlet'at the other end for said holder, and a reciprocatory follower for forcing said -holder through saidchamber,

be treated, said chamber. having-aninlet at one end and an outlet at theother endfor said holder, and means depressible: by-saidh holder for closing said inlet,-substantially as set forth.

5; Ina diffusing apparatus the combination I: of a chamber for a. liquid orsolvent, a pervi ous holder for the substance to be treated,

said chamber having an inlet at one; end and an outlet atthe other end forsaid-"holder,a

follower for forcing said holder through said.

chamberand an exterior operating meansform reciprocating saidfollower, said follower be ing retracted beyond said inlet, whereby the holder may beinse'rted infront of -the.-.fol-.

i 6. In a difiusin g apparatus th ecombinationlj of a chamberfor containing a liqui d, a-;holder.

for the material to be treated having-passages. 5 for, the liquid, and means for advancing said for said liquid and means for advancing said holders through said chamber and imparting axial rotary motion thereto, substantially as set forth.

8. Inadiifusing apparatus thecombination of a chamber for containing a liquid, a holder for the soluble material and means for advancing said holder through said chamber and imparting axial rotation thereto, substantially as set forth.

9. In a diifusing apparatus the combination of a chamber for containing a liquid, a number of interlocking holders for a soluble material and means for advancing said holders through said chamber and imparting axial rotary motion thereto, substantially as set forth.

10. In a diffusing apparatus the combination of a chamber for containing a liquid, a holder for the soluble material having lugs, and a reciprocating rotary follower for advancing and rotating said holder, substantially as set forth.

11. In a difiusing apparatus, the combination of a chamber for containing a liquid, a holder for the soluble material, a follower for advancing said holder, a screw and a nut for advancing said follower, one of the two last said having a spiral groove, and a lug engaging in said groove for imparting a rotary motion to the follower as it reciprocates,,substantially as set forth.

12. In a difiusing apparatus the combination of a chamber for a liquid, a holder for the soluble material, a followerlocated in said chamber for advancing said holder therethrough, a reciprocatory rod to which said follower is secured, a nut on said rod, having a spiral groove, a screw engaging in said nut, a lug engaging in said groove, and means for rotating said screw, substantially as set forth.

13. In a diffusing apparatus the combina-' tion of a chamber for a liquid, a holder for the soluble material, a reciprocatory member for advancing said holder, driving means for reciprocating said member and means for reversing the motion of said driving means at the end of the stroke of said reciprocatory member, substantially as set forth.

14. In a diffusing apparatus the combination of a chamber for a liquid, a holder for the soluble material, a reciprocatory member for advancing said holder in said chamber, a driving member, a reversing-gear comprising a shiftable member, means for imparting the motion of said reverse-gear to said reciprocatory member and means movable with said reciprocatory member for engaging said shifting member and actuating said reversing-gear at the end of the stroke of said reciprocatory member, substantially as set forth.

15. In a diffusing apparatus the combination of a chamber for a liquid, a holder for the soluble material, a reciprocatory member for advancing said holder in said chamber, a driving member, a reversing-gear cooperating therewith for transmitting motion therefrom, means for transmitting the motion of said reversing gear to said reciprocatory member, a lever for shifting said reversinggear and means operatively connecting said lever with said reciprocatory member, substantially as set forth.

16. In a difiusing apparatus the combination of a chamber for a liquid, a holder for the soluble material, a reciprocatory member for advancing said holder in said chamber, a reversing-gear, means for imparting the motion of said reversinggear to said reciprocatory member, a lever for actuating said reversing-gear, a yoke pivotaliy connected to said lever and comprising two arms, a toggle pivotally connected with each of said arms, means for oscillating one of said toggles and means for imparting the motion of said reciprocatory member to said yoke' for oscillating said toggles, substantially as set forth.

17. In a diffusing apparatus the combination of a chamber for a liquid, a holder for the soluble material,a reciprocatory member for advancing said holder in said chamber, a reversing-gear, means for imparting the motion of said reversinggear to said reciprocatory member, a lever for actuating said reversing-gear, a yoke pivotally connected with said lever and comprising two arms, a Weighted toggle connected with one of said arms and with said lever, a toggle connected with the other of said arms and with said lever and having means whereby it may be oscillated, and means for imparting the motion of said reciprocatory member to said yoke, substantially as set forth.

18. In a diffusing apparatus the combination of a chamber for a liquid, a holder for the soluble material, a reciprocatory member for advancing said holder in said chamber, a reversing-gear, means for imparting the motion of said reversing gear to said reciprocatory member, a lever for actuating said reversing-gear, a yoke pivotally connected to said lever and having three arms, toggles connected with said lever and with two of said arms, respectively, and means movable with said reciprocatory member for imparting the motion thereof to the third one of said arms, substantially as set forth.

19. In a diffusing apparatus the combination of a chamber for a liquid, a holder for the soluble material, a reciprocatory member for advancing said holder in said chamber, a reversing-gear, means for imparting the motion of said gear to said reciprocatory member, a lever for actuating said gear, means for oscillating said lever comprising an arm, and a slotted bar movable with said reciprocatory member and in the slot of which said arm engages for oscillating said lever, substantially as set forth.

20. In a difiusing apparatus the combination of a chamber for a liquid having a box at one end thereof, a holder for the soluble material adapted to be inserted through said box, and a float in said box for protecting the IIO surface of the liquid therein from evapora-' soluble material adapted to be inserted into tion, substantially as set forth. said chamber through said box, substantially 21. In a diffusing apparatus the combinaas set forth.

tion of a chamber for a liquid having a box EUGENE -H. SCHOFIELD. 5 at one end thereof, a pair of floats located in Witnesses:

said boxforproteotingthesurfaceof the liquid L. C. COLE,

therein fromevaporation and a holder for the JOSEPH R. W. COOPER. 

